Communication Power Technology Development Trends and Industry Standards

Although the communication power supply | regulator has a relatively small proportion in the entire communication industry, it is the key infrastructure of the entire communication network and a complete and irreplaceable independent professional in the communication network. For the power supply product is also the most basic, product technology development and change speed is also different from other communications products, a wide range of power supply products, including high-frequency switching power supply equipment, semiconductor rectifier equipment, DC-DC power module, DC-DC Conversion equipment, inverter power equipment, AC and DC power distribution equipment, AC voltage regulators, AC uninterruptible power supply (UPS), lead-acid batteries, mobile communication handset batteries, generator sets, centralized monitoring systems, etc., mainly attributed to the following Three aspects and focuses on the development trend of these aspects of product technology and standard research directions:

1. Power Electronic Equipment At present, the rapid development of Internet technology in the communications industry, power equipment supporting communication Internet terminal equipment is also moving towards high efficiency, network management, all-digital control, and low-current harmonic processing technology (green power) The direction of development.

(1) Efficient development of new high-performance devices continues to develop, emerge and applications, promote the upgrading of power products, making the power switching frequency up to 300 ~ 400KHz, low-power power supply has achieved 1MHz switching frequency, improved power supply Power density plays an important supporting role in the progress and development of power supply technology.

For example: insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), power field effect transistor (MOSFET), smart IGBT power module (IPM), MOS gated thyristor (MCT), electrostatic induction transistor (SIT), over recovery diode, non-inductive capacitor, Non-inductive resistors, new magnetic materials and transformers, EMI filters, etc.

The research of soft-switching technology and quasi-resonant technology tends to mature and stable. Representatively, it is a new theory of circuit topology such as resonant conversion, phase-shift resonance, zero-switching PWM, zero-transition PWM, etc. The focus is to reduce the power supply in hard-switching mode in the past. When the device is turned on, switching devices in the switching process of voltage rise / fall and current rise / fall waveform generated by the loss and noise, to achieve a zero voltage / zero current switch, reduce losses, improve the power system stability and efficiency.

(2) Network Management With the increasing popularity of Internet technology applications and the continuous development of information processing technologies, communication systems have evolved from previous stand-alone or brother domain systems to large-scale LAN systems and wide-area network systems, supporting electronic switches for protecting communication Internet terminal equipment. The power supply equipment must have data processing and communication capabilities, and must achieve the following functions through network communication through the RS232 interface:

∵ There is a smart man-machine interface that allows network technicians to monitor the power equipment operation status and various technical parameters at any time;

∵ Various protection, alarm and data information storage, processing, printing and other functions;

∵ Remote switch function allows network technicians to switch AC or backup power on a regular basis.

(3) The environment of all-digital control communication facilities is becoming more and more complex. Sparse population and inconvenience in transportation have increased the difficulty of maintenance. Digital technology has shown the advantages that cannot be achieved by traditional analog technologies, and all control technologies in communication power sources, such as AC/DC rectifier regulator, DC/AC inverter, SPWM, genlock, battery management, etc. With the introduction of microprocessors and monitoring software, the self-monitoring capability of the power supply is generally enhanced. It can monitor various operating parameters and status of the device itself, early warning functions and fault diagnosis functions in real time, and effectively realizes the absence of communication power equipment. Personnel duties and remote monitoring, maintenance personnel can remotely observe the operating parameters and status of the power supply equipment. When a fault occurs, the fault information can be reported in a timely manner. The on-duty personnel can be notified by telephone, fax, pager, etc. to speed up troubleshooting. s efficiency.

Adopting all-digital control technology, effectively reducing the size of the power supply reduces costs, greatly improving the reliability of the equipment and its adaptability to users.

(4) Low-current harmonic processing technology In the early days of the development and production of communication power, people mainly focused on the output characteristics of the power supply, and considered input characteristics of the power supply less frequently. For example, the traditional on-line power input AC/DC part usually uses a bridge rectifier filter circuit. The input current is pulsed, the conduction angle is about π/3, and the crest factor is more than 1.4 times that of a purely resistive load because of the large number of harmonics used. Power supplies with large wave currents will cause serious pollution to the power grid, which will distort the waveform of the power grid and reduce the actual load capacity, especially for the three-phase four-wire system that will lead to unsafe hidden dangers of excessive neutral current. With the enhancement of environmental awareness and safety awareness in the Internet era, as well as the development of power electronics and power devices, soft body harmonic processing technology is gradually maturing and being applied. The use of active harmonic processing technology in communication power supplies is also imperative. This will not only improve the load characteristics of the power supply to the grid, reduce the harmonic interference to other network equipment, but also greatly increase the source effect of the power supply. Therefore, in the Internet era, the communication power supply will gradually become a new generation of low-harmonic input. power supply.

2. Battery equipment A battery is an energy storage device that converts electrical energy into chemical energy, and converts chemical energy into electrical energy when needed. In the information-based society, high-tech electronic power equipment has been closely linked with people's lives. The use of backup DC power supplies is becoming more and more widespread. As the battery of an important part of the backup DC power supply, the quality of the batteries guarantees that the backup DC power supply is normal. Running is especially important. Therefore, the development of the telecommunications industry is both reasonable and safe, stable, and reliable. It also promotes the continuous development and upgrading of the battery technology. The improvement of the manufacturing process ensures that the technical specifications and performance of the battery are stable and reliable. The battery life.

(1) New solidification and chemical formation technology Solidification is an important process for the production of VRLA batteries. It has a major impact on the initial capacity and life of the battery. The traditional curing process forms 3PbO2.PbO2.H2O (3BS). If 800C is used for high temperature paste technology, 4PbO2.PbO2 (4BS) can be obtained. The battery manufactured by 4BS not only has high capacity but also has long life. The use of monitoring software in the chemical conversion process can improve the production process efficiency and product quality. The use of red lead can shorten the curing and formation time, make the curing easier to control, improve the initial capacity and production efficiency.

(2) Renewal of grid metal processing technology Traditional corrosion-resistant grids are not only complex in construction, but also cause early capacity loss, positive electrode expansion, elongation, and short life span because the combination of lead paste and corrosion-resistant grids is difficult. Adding the appropriate amount of trace elements in the grid alloy can greatly improve the performance of the grid. In the long run, the grid material and process technology should have three directions:

Cooling the alloy makes the homogeneous mixture of all elements greatly improve the corrosion resistance;

Light grid, with aluminum, copper mesh as the substrate, the surface coated with lead, or the use of glass fiber wire, the surface of hot extrusion coated lead-tin alloy, become lead wire, and then woven into a lead cloth as a grid;

Mesh grid (grid can be thinned), due to the use of cold extrusion molding, the metal structure is much more compact than gravity casting, corrosion resistance is significantly improved, increased life, increased production efficiency.

(3) Catalytic plug technology Lead-acid batteries are mostly used in the communications industry in the floating state. The positive electrode potential is high and the oxygen is precipitated. The catalytic plug is placed on the top of the sealed battery, supplementing the traditional oxygen recombination mechanism. The negative effect of the negative electrode is that the oxygen precipitated from the positive electrode is directly recombined. This part of the oxygen does not have to be recombined to the negative electrode to reduce the depolarization load of the negative electrode, and at the same time, the negative electrode discharge amount is reduced and the water loss is reduced.

With the continuous improvement and renewal of battery production processes and raw materials, due to the abundance of lead resources, the gradual maturity of the process, the wide application range, and the good reversibility, it is still widely used in various fields in this century. However, high-energy batteries, fuel cells (green energy) and automation, intelligent technologies and product technology standards will also increase the intensity of research in our country.

3. The development of domestically-produced diesel generating sets technology has some differences with respect to the development of foreign generating sets technology. From the perspective of market share, only 30% to 40% of domestic generating units are imported, and imported units are currently in the domestic market. Occupy a certain important position. However, the environment-friendly generator set-gas turbine generator set is small in size, light in weight, and has good mobility and environmental pollution. China has already researched and developed and produced it, and is currently being promoted as a vehicle-mounted mobile communication base station. The communication industry standard is also Approval has been issued for implementation, and in the future, greater progress will be made in the field of communications.