Researchers create the world's smallest atomic-scale wire, but it brings bad news to quantum computing

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The researchers created the world's smallest atomic-scale wire, but it brought bad news to quantum computing. 36 The open day (Oday) is an open-ended activity. On the open day, we will invite the Internet startup team to show their new products and new features in 5 minutes. The 36-day Open Day is open to all audiences. Whether you are a fledgling entrepreneur or an experienced industry expert, we welcome you. Past Events →

The researchers created the world's smallest atomic-scale wire, but it brought bad news to quantum computing. A team of researchers developed a method of wire production that produced the world’s smallest wire, which is only 4 atoms in diameter. To be able to reside in the silicon. This wire itself is 20 times thinner than the copper wire used in most current microprocessors.

These wires consist of phosphorus atoms, which are embedded in silicon wafers after one atom and one atom. This method is more advantageous than the traditional etching method, because the phosphor wire is wrapped inside the wafer, meaning that the electrons will not touch any nearby surface, so that the resistance is lower than the current wire, and the heat is higher than the nanometer level. The copper line is even lower.

Once single-atom transistors are available, researchers hope that these wires will contribute to the development of quantum computing. The research host Michelle Simmons said: "We have realized that if we want to create a practical quantum computer, the interconnected wires must also be atomic."

It is very interesting that the research and development of this kind of wire means exactly what the future of quantum computing means. Everyone has some controversy about this. Ironically this is due to the success of the experiment. Due to the high density of this series of phosphorus electrons, the current behavior is very typical and follows Ohm's law. This is very strange, because it is expected that the quantum effect is dominant in this magnitude. Indeed, this is why physicists, including the famous futurologist and physicist Michio Kaku, believe that computer engineers are approaching the end of Moore's Law. However, if the traditional effects can dominate at the nanometer level, that prediction may not be justified.

Since Ohm's law also works at this level, physicist David Ferry thinks this is bad news for quantum computing. He said that for Moore's Law, the lack of Quantum coherence is good news, but it is a bad thing for quantum coherence quantum computing. This will reduce the possibility of quantum computing.

Ohm's law In the same circuit, the current in the conductor is proportional to the voltage across the conductor, which is inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor. This is Ohm's law, and the basic formula is I=U/R. Ohm's Law was proposed by George Simmons. In commemoration of his contribution to electromagnetism, the physics community names the unit of resistance ohms, represented by the symbol Ω.

Moore's Law Moore's Law was proposed by Gordon Moore, one of Intel’s founders. The content is: When the price does not change, the number of transistors that can be accommodated on the integrated circuit will double about every 18 months, and the performance will also double. In other words, the performance of the computer that every dollar can buy will more than double every 18 months. This law reveals the speed of progress in information technology. Quantum computing Quantum computing is a new type of computation based on quantum mechanics theory. The fundamentals and principles of quantum computing and important quantum algorithms provide the possibility to surpass the Turing machine model in computation speed.

Quantum coherent quantum computers require some important quantum properties. One is "quantum coherence."

Quantum coherence, or "association between states." One of them was a prediction made by Einstein and his collaborators in 1935 based on imaginary experiments. This hypothetical experiment is like this: in a high-energy accelerator, an electron generated by energy and a positron fly in the opposite direction. When no one observes, both are in the superposition state of spinning to the right and left. During observation, if the electrons are observed to spin to the right, the positrons must spin to the left. This is because positrons and electrons come from nothing and they must observe the law of conservation. This means that the states of "electron spin to the right" and "positron spin to the left" are related and called "quantum coherence". This coherence can only be explained by quantum theory.

To achieve efficient parallel operations in quantum computers, quantum coherence must be used. The related qubits will act as a whole. Therefore, as long as one qubit is processed, the influence is immediately transmitted to the extra qubits in the series. This feature is the key to quantum computing for high-speed computing.