OLED market inflection point will present technological trends and opportunities in China

August 22, 2024

The demand for visualization has rapidly given birth to and promoted various technological innovations and breakthroughs in the modern life of the information explosion. The computing power of the underlying hardware has been able to fully meet the needs of users before the arrival of the era of strong artificial intelligence. The presentation of good computing results has become the most valuable topic in front of the technology brand, because it affects user efficiency and experience.

·How popular is the global OLED market?

The display panel is a core strategic resource in the modern technology industry. In addition to displaying the calculation results, it also carries the functions of the human-computer interaction platform. It is precisely because of the need for the display screen to adapt to more complicated application environments, flexible, large format, and super Thin, energy-saving and other characteristics are expected in the next generation of display panel products, so that OLED (organic light emitting display) technology has received extensive attention and investment. As an important production area for global display panel supply, the companies in the three countries (Korea, China, Japan, and Taiwan, China) are all pushing forward the development and production of OLED panels. Representative facts include:



1, Samsung Display (Samsung Display) discontinued production of traditional LCD panels over a large area, devoted itself to transforming and increasing OLED production capacity, and independently operated OLEDs from the original panel department. OLED production capacity was concentrated on small and medium size screens used in mobile smart devices.
2. LG Display announced in July that it will invest 2 trillion won to build 6th-generation line in Paju for OLED panel production. Although LGD has been in deficit in the OLED product line year after year, it continues to invest without slackening. LGD, which had been focusing on large-size OLED panels before, is now increasing the output of small and medium size to balance the profitability.
3. After Hon Hai's entry into Sharp, it announced that it spent 200 billion yen to invest in OLED business. Sharp did not disappoint. It quickly announced that the OLED panel volume production plan will be advanced to 2017. By then, Hon Hai will Apple's largest foundry partner is likely to become an important supplier of Apple OLED panel demand.
4. Domestically, there are four OLED production lines that have been put into production, the 5.5th generation of BOE Erdos, the 4.5 generation of Huihui Optoelectronics Shanghai, the 5.5 generation of Guoxian Photoelectric Kunshan, and the 5.5th generation of Tianma Shanghai. There are six projects under construction: BOE Chengdu Chengdu 6th Generation Line, Tianma Wuhan 6th Generation Line, Huaxing Photoelectric Wuhan 6th Generation Line, Xinli Huizhou 4.5th Generation Line, Guoxian Photoelectric Kunshan 6th Generation Line, and China Happiness and Guoxian Photoelectric Co., Ltd. Built Gu'an 6th generation line. There are also two other projects still under planning, with Huihui Shanghai 6th Generation Line and Xinli Shanwei 6th Generation Line.
5, AU Optronics as the largest panel company in Taiwan, China, OLED product layout focuses on the differentiation of small-size products, according to Cai Guoxin, general manager and chief operating officer of AU Optronics Co., Ltd. in a recent speech, said that Characteristics of OLED Panels In conjunction with the rapid rise of VR devices, AUO will focus on the small-size product market for mobile phones. Japan Display Corporation (JDI) will invest 50 billion yen to establish a 6-generation OLED panel production line at Mobara Plant in spring 2017.
Here we can see that OLED has become the next generation of display technology, especially after Apple announced that the new iPhone will adopt OLED panel in 2017, the industry trend will be finalized, and the OLED panel market will usher in a real outbreak and be fully prepared. Meeting the iterations of the display market is a matter of tension for panel companies.

· Existing OLED production mainstream technology

How is an OLED panel produced behind a series of capital and line numbers? Nowadays the most popular is "evaporation technology." So what is evaporation technology? (Third-thousand-word is omitted here.) In simple terms, vapor deposition is performed on a etched template by heating it by steaming to disperse the vapor-deposited material to recondense it at a specified position on the template. Process. Similar to the process in which we boiled water in the pan, the water vapor re-condenses on the inside of the lid.


OLED pixel structure diagram (from the Internet)
Evaporation technology The core equipment for manufacturing OLED panels is the evaporation machine, which is upstream of the panel makers. The main supplier is a company named Canon Tokki, a subsidiary of Canon Inc., with the global OLED market. The surging winds and orders are floating from around the world like snow flakes. Tokki's continuous development of production capacity is still difficult to meet the needs of customers. It is said that Tokki's annual evaporation production capacity is also limited to only a few units, such as LG Display. Large customers have also had to lose Apple orders because of the limited number of evaporation machines.

Evaporation process OLED panel schematic (from the Internet)
There is no evaporation machine, this "good dish", people can not eat OLED this "hot dumplings" yet? The "Printed OLED" technology that has recently been heated up seems to be another option.
What are the advantages of printing OLEDs to challenge the relatively mature evaporation technology? The first is the low cost. In the use of raw materials for OLED panels, printed OLEDs save 90% more than evaporation technology; printing OLED technology can effectively enhance the life of finished products; inkjet printing process is easier to adapt to large substrates than the evaporation process. The need for cutting, which is more conducive to high-generation wire processing large-size substrate trends.
So what is a printed OLED? Simply put, by using multiple printing heads on an ink jet printing device, different colors of polymer luminescent material solutions are precisely deposited in the isolation column grooves of the ITO glass substrate. After the solvent evaporates, thin layers of about 100 nm thickness will be formed. , which constitutes a light-emitting pixel.

Printing OLED realization technology schematic

According to industry figures, the biggest bottleneck in printing OLEDs is the differential control between each tiny printing point (reducing the difference between pixels), and the development of equipment for extremely small sub-pixel printing (improved equipment accuracy). The former is a key bottleneck for the entire printing and display industry, while the latter is mainly for small and medium size display products. Or, for printing OLEDs, ink stability is not the ultimate big problem, and device accuracy and stability are the real test. This problem must be solved after the establishment of an exemplary production line.
As for the attitude of printing OLEDs, panel makers basically reached a consensus. The good news is that almost all leading panel companies have already started to cooperate in the research and development of printing OLED technology, such as Samsung, DuPont, and Sumitomo Chemical Group; LGD, Tokyo Power Group, Epson, Merck Group; AUO, Panasonic Group, etc., while the domestic manufacturers have BOE independent research and development of printing OLED technology, as well as promising Guangdong Juhua Printing Display Technology Co., Ltd. (TCL's subsidiary of China Star Optronics) and Germany Merck combination and so on.
Although printing OLED technology has won almost everyone's support, the problem has also arisen, and the two have joined hands to go it alone, making the OLED printing success path have too many choices. The dispersion of power is not conducive to the rapid growth of technology. .

·New issues in China's OLED business

It is predicted that by 2020, the market size of OLED panels will reach 32.4 billion U.S. dollars. By then, OLED panel technology will reach a mature level of mass production applications. Now we have 4 years or so. Once again, we stood at the stall of a major technology upgrade...

China is the largest producer and consumer of television in the world
"In 1978, China's television industry formally set sail, but due to the lack of the core technology of color picture tubes, the government began to implement the "localization of color TVs" project. The bank has invested nearly 20 billion U.S. dollars to import 17-21-inch color TV production lines from Japan. In the country, eight color display tube plants (seven joint ventures) and eight glass bulb factories were established, while 113 color TV assembly production lines were introduced throughout the country. This led to the creation of color TV giants such as Changhong, TCL, Konka, and Hisense. The annual output of China's color TV reached 17.34 million units, surpassing Japan's for the first time to rank first in the world, and then quickly relied on similar foreign industries by relying on cost-advantage advantages.Beginning in 2004, the world's television industry began to move from traditional CRT displays to liquid crystals, plasmas, and other new types. Due to the conversion of flat panel displays, China’s color TV industry has been phased out, and in just five years in 2009, China’s color picture tube industry, which took more than 20 years to build, was completely destroyed by the storm of technological change. All went bankrupt, leaving only the Xianyang Rainbow, which had no joint venture, left for the rest of the world. The glass bulb manufacturer Henan Ancai, due to misjudgment of the industrial situation, continued to expand glass bulb production capacity and eventually closed down.Since then, due to the lack of "screen", China has fallen into the TV production and consumption of the largest country, but "screen" all Depends on the dilemma of import." (From the Internet)
With this new technology being born and the elimination of old technologies inevitable, can our ethnic panel companies use history as a mirror to avoid a disaster? The good news came along. Recently, Mr. Wang Dongsheng, chairman of BOE, the largest LCD panel maker in China, stated that due to concerns that low-level repeated investment will affect healthy development, the TFT-LCD (liquid crystal panel) production line will no longer be invested in principle. The future investment will focus on next-generation display technologies such as AMOLED. In October 2017, BOE's China's first and the world's second flexible AMOLED production line will be mass-produced in Chengdu. Mr. Wang Dongsheng’s attitude is a signal that China’s panel giants have realized that the new round of technological upgrading has enormous energy and that reducing gaps should be preceded by awareness.

OLED technology is now looking more attractive, better colors, thinner body, more health and environmental protection features, in the future will have a lower price, a more flexible display and so on, but in the face of mobile devices, Panels such as home TVs mainly consume the market's weakness, and panel companies should also think about the next step. If they are still only focusing on display technologies, they ignore the future of smart terminals, even artificial intelligence and other industrial trends, and ultimately only in the industry. The continuous sinking of the chain, based on the display rather than on the display, is an equally important issue as achieving OLED mass production and improving OLED yields as soon as possible.

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