China's industrial Internet platform is facing four major bottlenecks
The "Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the "Internet + Advanced Manufacturing Industry" to Develop the Industrial Internet" proposes that "by 2025, 3-5 internationally competitive industrial Internet platforms will be formed." Cultivating an internationally competitive industrial Internet platform is a matter of competition for the dominant industrial operating system in the next 10-15 years. It is a matter of establishing, consolidating, and strengthening the competitive advantages of a country’s manufacturing industry. It is time-consuming and arduous to build a local industrial Internet platform. The mission is great. From the perspective of the supply side, China's industrial Internet platform faces four bottlenecks in the areas of industrial data collection, big data modeling analysis, industrial mechanism model precipitation, and industrial APP cultivation, and it is urgent to make breakthroughs as soon as possible. Data collection is the basis of the industrial Internet platform. The first problem to be solved in the industrial Internet platform is to connect people, equipment and business systems in the industry, but it is not an easy task to connect the equipment to the industrial site. At present, over 80% of the industrial enterprises above designated size in China are “dummy†devices that are not networked and can't talk. Only 20% of devices are connected to the Internet and can speak, but these devices follow different communication protocols. There are serious "language barriers" that have become the bottleneck that restricts the construction of industrial Internet platforms. Industrial equipment networking is not a goal. The purpose is to establish digital mirroring of industrial equipment in cyberspace and use industry big data and artificial intelligence to “train†industrial APPs that solve practical business pain points. The essence of the industrial Internet platform is to model and analyze the data generated by machine equipment and business systems, and translate the data into application services that guide the optimization of equipment and services. Currently, limited by the characteristics of the data collection bottleneck and industrial big data, such as professionalism, relevance, processability, timing, and resolution, industrial big data modeling and analysis require platform companies to combine industrial genes with big data genes. The industrial big data modeling and analysis capabilities of the existing industrial Internet platforms are weak. The industry mechanism model is the core of the industrial PaaS, and is a concentrated expression of platform technology capabilities. The industry mechanism model is to demonstrate, model, and code the operational laws of industrial R&D, manufacturing, and operation management through software technology. Each industry mechanism model is a modular building block that can be used by industry. APP developers can flexibly invoke and promote the precipitation, dissemination, reuse, and value creation of industrial knowledge. The major problems facing the current industrial Internet platform are the lack of development tools and the lack of industrial mechanism models, which are far from being able to fully meet the needs of industrial-level applications. Industrial APP is the key to the industrial Internet platform. However, the development of the industrial Internet platform is still at the initial stage of development. The industrial PaaS platform is not empowered enough. The so-called industrial APPs on industrial Internet platforms are basically "immigrants" of cloud software on industrial cloud platforms, relying on industrial PaaS. The "industry inhabitants" industry APP "growing" out of the industrial mechanism model is less, and the phenomenon-level industrial APP is even more deficient. The industrial Internet platform has a large span and complex system. From technology, industry, and application are all in the initial stage of development, creating an internationally competitive industrial Internet platform requires strategic determination, and it needs to adhere to government guidance and market leadership. It takes 10-15. Years of hard work. The industrial Internet platform is not an isolated technology, but an integrated technology system. It is a great gathering of modern information technology. At present, it is necessary to focus on the four bases of “one hard, one soft, one network, and one security†to increase support. , promote the development and industrialization of key technologies. The first is to improve the ability of automatic control and sensing industry support, and accelerate the development and industrialization of smart sensors, programmable logic controllers, distributed control systems, data acquisition and monitoring systems. The second is to implement industrial technology software engineering and promote the development and industrialization of core technologies such as industrial cloud operating systems, new industrial software, industrial big data modeling analysis, and microservice components. The third is to reinforce the foundation of the industrial Internet platform network, promote the IP, wireless, flattening, and flexible technological transformation and construction and deployment of the factory's intranet, accelerate the deployment of new network technologies such as NB-IoT, and accelerate the virtualization of software-defined networks and networks. New generation network technology research and deployment pilots. The fourth is to build an industrial Internet security guarantee system, strengthen the security guarantee capabilities of equipment, network, control, application and data, and achieve all-round protection of industrial production systems and commercial systems. In the current era, software open source and hardware openness have become irreversible trends. Controlling the open source ecosystem will become the focus of the global industrial Internet platform. First, it is proposed to nurture open source communities and guide automated enterprises to open up technologies that are compatible with standards and protocol conversions to achieve an orderly flow of industrial data among multi-source devices and heterogeneous systems. This will ensure that industrial equipment is “combined†and leads industrial Internet platform enterprises open up development tools, knowledge components, and algorithm components, and build an industrial APP development ecosystem that is open, shared, resource-rich, and innovative, and ensures that the model industry mechanism model “followsâ€. The second is to speed up the construction of talents for industrial APP developers, support industrial Internet platform enterprises to hold developers' entrepreneurial innovation contest, build a new “dual-creation†ecology based on industrial internet platforms, and promote “applying quantity†of industrial APP in a short period of time. Adhere to the “build platformâ€, “use platformâ€, and “test platform†to advance collaboratively, build, test, and promote at the same time, to build and test the test, to promote the use of test, to build a platform with rich functions and massive use of two-way iteration and mutual promotion A virtuous circle of progress. Firstly, cross-industry and cross-industry industrial internet platforms are fostered. It is recommended to refer to the national manufacturing innovation center cultivation method, publish industrial Internet platform selection criteria, adhere to the principle of “one matter, one discussion, mature one, and select one†to cultivate in 10 years. Home cross-industry cross-domain platform. Second, in the application and promotion of industrial Internet platforms, it is proposed to strengthen provincial and provincial linkages, select a group of provinces with high local enthusiasm, and a good cloud-based province as the industrial Internet platform application demonstration province, and promote the “block economy†industrial cluster area of ​​the demonstration province. The company's overall cloud. The third is that the industrial Internet platform is an aspect of experimental testing. It conducts trial and verification around the compatibility of device protocols, platform integrity, and data security to provide basic support for the large-scale application of industrial Internet platforms.
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On the one hand, 80% of devices are not connected to the network and the digitization of devices is low. The overall level of China's manufacturing industry is in the 2.0-to-3.0 transitional phase, with many old equipment and low digitization levels. In 2017, the digitization rate of production equipment for industrial enterprises above designated size was 44.8%, and the digitized equipment connection rate was 39.0%. Sensors, etc., needed to be installed. The way to achieve device networking has led to difficult data collection, high cost, and low efficiency of industrial Internet platforms.
On the other hand, 20% of devices are networked, but communication protocols are not uniform. In the past 30 years, various types of automation vendors, research institutes, and standardization organizations around the world have introduced hundreds of fieldbus protocols, industrial Ethernet protocols, and wireless protocols around the networking of devices. The protocol standards are numerous and relatively closed, and it is difficult to interconnect industrial devices. Restricting cloud on the device, it is urgent to build a technical product system that can be compatible with and convert multiple protocols.
One is that the data types are incomplete, which restricts the modeling of industrial big data and the function of industrial APP. Compared to internet big data, it focuses on the "quantity" and "relevance" of data. Industrial big data pays more attention to the "full" and "association" of data, so as to ensure that the full information of the true state of industrial equipment can be extracted from the data. Limited by the lack of equipment data collection capabilities and incomplete data sources, this will constrain industrial big data modeling analysis and industrial APP development to a certain extent. Currently, there are many industrial APPs based on single data source development, based on equipment and business systems, etc. There are fewer industrial APPs for heterogeneous source data development.
Second, the data quality is not high, which restricts the modeling of industrial big data and the performance of industrial APP. Industrial big data tends to be missing, fragmented, and intermittent. Low-quality data will directly lead to unusable results or more serious consequences of modeling and analysis. Data quality needs to be pre-judgment and modification. Therefore, data “cleansingâ€. The work will even account for about 70% of the industrial APP development time. Based on the data quality problem, there are many industrial APPs in the state monitoring and fault diagnosis industry on the current industrial Internet platform, and there are fewer industrial forecasting and early warning applications, especially intelligent decision making applications.
First, China's industrial software is backward, it is difficult to quickly migrate offline capabilities into online models. China's manufacturing volume accounted for 20% of the world's manufacturing industry. However, the market share of China's industrial software only accounts for 1.7% of the world's industrial software market share. At the same time, over 90% of China's industrial software is imported, which fully demonstrates China's industrial technology. The level of softwareization and accumulation is far from enough, and there is a lack of offline capabilities to model and code the industry mechanism in a short period of time.
Second, China's industrial complexities and the establishment of a complete industry model library will take some time. China has 39 industrial categories, 191 medium and 525 sub-categories. It is the only country in the world that owns all industrial categories in the UN Industrial Classification. Each industry has its own unique industry knowledge, and each industry Fundamental principles, key basic materials, core basic components (components), advanced basic processes, and basic industrial technology encapsulated into digital models are systematic projects that require the joint efforts of the government and the entire society.
On the one hand, the number of industrial APPs developed based on the industrial PaaS platform is small. According to GE's forecast, the industrial Internet platform will have an explosive growth similar to the consumer Internet platform around 2020, and the total number of industrial applications on the Predix platform will exceed 500,000. According to statistics released by China Aerospace Cloud Network, Haier, Shugen Interconnect, Dongfang Guoxin, Xugong Information, UF, Suowei, Tsinghua Unisplendour, Inspur, Zheda Zhongzhong, Intelligent Cloud and other domestic leading industrial Internet platform companies, the number of industrial APPs in China is not More than 5,000, it is difficult to meet the company's cloud demand. Of the 5,000 industrial APPs, many come from the cloud of traditional software and can only be regarded as "immigrants" on the industrial Internet platform. There are only a handful of industrial APPs that "grow" from the industrial PaaS platform.
On the other hand, industrial Internet platforms have not yet cultivated the emergence of elephant-level industrial APP. U.S. start-up Uptake has developed industrial APPs for condition monitoring and fault warning around Caterpillar Construction Machinery. It has access to more than 3 million engineering machinery and the company’s current valuation has reached US$2.3 billion. Up to now, although many companies in China are working hard to build cross-industry, cross-sectoral industrial Internet platforms, there is no one company that has developed a class-level industrial APP to detonate the application and promotion of the industrial Internet platform.