Qorvo experts' latest industrial application perspective captures 5G new air interface to accelerate commercial deployment
[Introduction]: Not long ago, the 5G standard development ushered in key nodes: the first version of the 3GPP 5G NSA (Non-Standalone, non-independent networking) standard was officially frozen. Accordingly, the industry generally believes that it will open the door to the comprehensive development of the global mobile industry, laying the foundation for the large-scale trial and commercial deployment of 5G new airspace as early as 2019. In the 7th “Trends, Innovation and Win-Win†China ICT Media Industry Forum and 2018 Industry and Technology Outlook Seminar hosted by Shenzhen Yiweixun Information Consulting Co., Ltd., as the leading solution provider in the industry, Qorvo Tao Zhen, senior manager of market strategy for the Asia Pacific Mobile Division, also sent a positive signal and explained the trend of the global operator 5G network strategic layout after the completion of the first 5G international standard, and the new era of smartphone design will face A series of new challenges. In Taozhen's view, 3GPP has identified three important directions in the continued development of 5G standardization, including: improving the 5G new air interface non-independent networking specification, using the existing LTE core network to achieve 5G commercial deployment; speeding up the development based on the next generation The 5G new air interface independent networking (SA, Standalone) standard of the core network; prepare for the evolution of 5G in 3GPP Release-16 and future versions to further expand the 5G ecosystem. At the same time, the 3GPP technical specification organization also defines eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), uRLLC (high reliability, low latency application) and mMTC (Internet of Everything in the 5G era) for 5G. eMBB is mainly for speed increase. It requires a single 5G base station to support at least 20Gbps downlink rate and 10Gbps uplink rate, and to deal with 4K/8K ultra high definition video, VR/AR and other high traffic applications; mMTC is based on 5G new standard IoT. It will support truly massive users and secure hundreds of millions of devices that are far more than the current capacity to securely access the network; while high reliability, low latency communication uRLLC requires 5G delays to be less than 1ms in response to The demand for emerging applications such as driverless and smart factories in the future. At present, eMBB service providers in some areas (such as millimeter wave applications in the US fixed wireless access equipment (FMA) scenario) are a huge improvement for the entire industry, but compared to the huge potential of 5G technology, but also Just the tip of the iceberg. 3GPP has begun to prepare for the evolution of 5G in 3GPP Release-16 and future versions. Just since LTE has been introduced in 3GPP Release-8, it has evolved and merged with many new features and use cases. 5G new air interface will also continue Evolution and expansion. Undoubtedly, China's three major operators have played a vital role in China's 5G development, and their rhythm on 5G basically determines the pace of China's 5G. Fortunately, compared with the 2G, 3G, and 4G eras, China's layout in the 5G era is no later than other countries. According to Tao Zhen, from the second half of 2019 to 2020, global operators hope to have more 5G commercials based on 3GPP Release-15 version, and truly realize 5G large-scale commercial use from 2020 to 2021. How to introduce a 5G network, and take into account the integration with 4G, and finally achieve the target architecture of the long-term 5G network, different operators have different startup ideas. The 5G carrier based on the NSA architecture only carries user data, and its control signaling is still transmitted through the 4G network. The deployment can be regarded as adding a new type of carrier to expand the existing 4G network. Operators can determine upgrade sites and zones based on business needs, and do not necessarily require complete contiguous coverage. At the same time, the service continuity between the 5G carrier and the 4G carrier is strongly guaranteed. In the case that the 5G network coverage is not perfect, the NSA architecture is conducive to ensuring a good user experience and facilitating operators to quickly launch 5G-based mobile broadband services with lower risks. Therefore, most operators currently use the NSA architecture to build 5G networks. However, reusing the core network and control plane of the existing 4G system, the NSA architecture will not be able to fully utilize the technical characteristics of the low latency of the 5G system, nor can it flexibly support the diversified service requirements through network slicing. In addition, the 4G core network has already carried a large number of 4G existing network users, and it is difficult to carry out comprehensive virtualization transformation in a short period of time. Network slicing, full virtualization and flexible support for diverse services are all strong expectations of operators for 5G systems. Therefore, only the 5G system based on the independent networking architecture can truly realize the 5G technical commitment and create new development opportunities for the mobile communication industry. It is precisely because of this that 3GPP only completed the 5G standard of the SA architecture at the end of last year after the NSA architecture's 5G new air interface standard was completed. It is expected to be officially completed in the middle of this year. "China Mobile and China Telecom, as the only operators in the world to skip the NSA and directly adopt the SA architecture to deploy 5G networks, are different from the launching ideas of other operators around the world, and also demonstrate the national mission of a technologically strong country." Tao Zhen explained. In addition to operators actively deploying 5G networks, the industry and consumers are equally eager to get faster rates, greater communication capacity, and smarter mobile terminals. Looking at the world, the 5G frequency band plans released by various countries have opened a good start for the new communication era. Although the slaughter of the 5G smart phone market has not yet begun, the technical competition in mobile phone design has begun. The RF Front End (RFFE) is the functional area between the RF transceiver and antenna of a mobile phone. It consists primarily of power amplifiers (PAs), low noise amplifiers (LNAs), switches, duplexers, filters, and other passive devices. A well-designed RFFE is critical to today's innovations in handset performance, functionality and industrial design. With the advancement of each generation of communication technology, the complexity of the RF front-end is also increasing. The increase in spectrum, the increase in bandwidth, and the evolution of waveforms pose many challenges to the design of traditional RF front-end devices. In addition, as the industry adopts the new Power Class 2 standard, the output power at the antenna is increased to 26dBm to overcome the larger wave propagation loss at high frequency, and increasing power output becomes more and more important. Increasing the output power of the PA while maintaining linearity, minimizing current consumption and avoiding heat dissipation are key to improving RF front-end performance. Qorvo's proprietary HBT5 GaAs process provides industry-leading linear power output and power added efficiency (PAE) and significantly increases the average life of the device. Qorvo's fifth-generation RF Flex front-end module portfolio delivers industry-leading power output and linearity with ultra-low insertion loss in the low, medium and high frequency bands. As a result, performance margins are maximized, helping smartphone manufacturers meet the stringent requirements of in-band uplink CA (carrier aggregaTIon) and inter-band downlink CA, as well as all major 4G basebands. Smartphone manufacturers can also personalize the 5th generation RF Flex portfolio and add Qorvo SAW/BAW filters for regional coverage. From the perspective of smartphone system architecture, 5G requires higher data rates and requires more antennas to be provided in multiple ways, including multi-band carrier aggregation, 4x4 LTE MIMO and Wi-Fi MIMO. The typical number of antennas will also be Increasing from 2-4 to 4-6 may even be more, but the available space for the antenna is shrinking. In addition, as the 600MHz band increases, the spectrum range continues to expand, and the frequency of the high band is about to be put into use at 3 GHz. Antenna tuning and antenna division are becoming more and more important. Smartphones may use multi-antenna antenna tuning solutions, including two methods: Aperture tuning is especially important for optimizing multi-band antenna efficiency and compensating for environmental impact; Impedance tuning reduces impedance mismatch by The power reflected by the antenna increases the total radiated power. Qorvo is the industry leader in mobile antenna tuning solutions with a wide range of low loss switch based aperture and impedance tuning products that provide excellent on-resistance and turn-off capacitance performance. In the future, antenna sharing is gradually becoming an important means of meeting the increasing number of smartphone antennas. The antenna division uses different frequency bands and different functional combinations to enable a single antenna to be used for multiple purposes in future 5G smartphones, thereby reducing the need for antennas in mobile phone systems and maintaining the complexity of the RF front end. The number of antennas is within a controllable range and performance degradation is avoided. With the gradual approach of 5G commercialization, the preliminary consensus has been formed that the existing mobile communication and IoT communication standards will be unified under the 5G standard. Therefore, the application field of RF front-end chip products will be further amplified under the unified standard in the future. . As the world's leading provider of innovative RF solutions, Qorvo has been providing core technology and RF solutions for smartphones, infrastructure and aerospace defense, and has accumulated many core technologies in the 5G RF front-end market. Last year, Qorvo released the industry's first Sub-6GHz 5G RF front-end module QM19000. The highly integrated high-performance QM19000 achieves high linearity, ultra-low latency and extremely high throughput, and is the first to meet or exceed the development needs of future 5G applications. The industrial chain has better completed the formulation of standards. "No matter whether the carrier 5G network is deployed in independent networking or non-independent networking, Qorvo is ready for product provision and technical support," Tao Zhen concluded. "A few days ago, Qorvo was also invited to join China Mobile's 5G terminal. The Pioneer Project will work with all parties to jointly launch the first batch of 5G pre-commercial terminals in the first half of 2019 based on the '5G Terminal Pioneer Program', and implement formal 5G commercialization in the second half of 2019 to the first half of 2020." Qorvo (Nasdaq: QRVO) is a leading provider of core technology and RF solutions for mobile devices, infrastructure and aerospace and defense applications. Qorvo will participate in the China IoT Conference hosted by e-Friends on December 6, 2018 to share the wisdom of smart cities and smart homes. Interested friends can sign up here. 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