Solar-based mobile power supply design

MOS power IC full range

Summary:

The charger converts solar energy into electrical energy through a solar panel, and the converted electrical energy is mainly used for two parts of the circuit:

1. The high-amplitude voltage of the solar input is reduced to 5V by the 7812 and 7805 chips, thereby powering the microcontroller.

2. After being processed by the DC/DC conversion circuit, the charging circuit supplies power to the load. This circuit adopts the method of starting constant current fast charging, and automatically switches to constant voltage charging when the battery voltage rises to the set value, and this is beneficial for saving the battery capacity. In the charging process, LEDs are used for indication, and the system is designed with complete overvoltage protection to avoid damage due to overcharging of the battery.

The signal converted from the DC/DC conversion circuit is transmitted to the ADC0809 signal for digital-to-analog conversion, and the resulting digital signal is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer, and the liquid crystal display shows the charging current and voltage through the control of the program. In addition, an optocoupler is selected to control the relay circuit, so that the single-chip microcomputer is well isolated from the external circuit, and the control part of the single-chip microcomputer is prevented from being affected to some extent, and when the electric appliance is charged to a set amplitude, the relay can be utilized. The circuit is disconnected, thereby protecting the circuit and the consumer.

The solar mobile power supply designed in the paper is compared with the ordinary mobile power supply. In addition to the energy supply from the solar panel, it also makes full use of the intelligence of the single-chip microcomputer, and has a complete voltage and current detection and protection circuit. And through the display circuit to display the circuit state, through the function keys, the circuit output can be flexibly selected to provide charging for different electronic products. Putting the solar panel in a sunny place provides a convenient solar charging point for general power supplies. This convenient solar charger can replenish power almost anywhere, giving you the freedom to communicate.

Single chip connection schematic

Digital to analog conversion schematic

DC/DC buck module schematic

LCD screen 12864 connection schematic

Single chip power supply circuit connection schematic

See the uploading documentation for details (click to download)